Ulmus uyematsui

Species of plant

Ulmus uyematsui

Ulmus uyematsui in Netherlands
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Rosales
Family:	Ulmaceae
Genus:	Ulmus
Subgenus:	U. subg. Ulmus
Section:	U. sect. Ulmus
Species:	U. uyematsui
Binomial name
*Ulmus uyematsui* Hayata

Ulmus uyematsui Hayata, commonly known as the Alishan elm, is endemic to forests at elevations of 800–2,500 metres (2,600–8,200 ft) in Alishan, Chiayi County [2], central Taiwan,^[1] where it is considered one of the minor tree species.^[2]^[3] The tree was first named and described by the Japanese botanist Bunzō Hayata in 1913,^[4] in the aftermath of the First Sino-Japanese War, when the Republic of Formosa was ceded to Japan.

Description

The tree grows to a height of 25 m with a d.b.h. to 80 cm. The bark is grey, longitudinally fissured, and exfoliates in irregular flakes. The branchlets are brown, glabrous, though pubescent when young, and devoid of corky wings. The largely glabrous leaves are elliptic to oblong-elliptic 5–11 × 3–4.5 cm wide, typically caudate at the apex; the margins are doubly serrate.^[5] Unlike most elms, the leaves are equal at the base, have short (2–6 mm) petioles,^[1]^[5] and are flushed dark-red on emergence. The perfect wind-pollinated apetalous flowers appear on second-year shoots in February, the obovate to orbicular samarae, 10–15 × 8–10 mm, on longish pedicels,^[6] in March.^[1]

Hayata considered the tree similar to Ulmus castaneifolia, differing only in the much thinner leaves, and absence of pubescence on the axils of the primary lateral veins.^[4]

Emergent leaves with dark red colouration
10-year-old tree, Portchester, England
Samarae
Leaf, with scale

Pests and diseases

No information available.

Cultivation

U. uyematsui is rare in cultivation beyond Taiwan; it was introduced to commerce in the Netherlands in 2011. U. uyematsui was selected as one of eight tree species considered hardy enough to survive in the ecological reclamation of the Wujiazi iron mine 270 kilometres (170 mi) north-east of Beijing in Liaoning Province, China, where winter temperatures fall as low as −20 °C (−4 °F).^[7] In England the species has survived temperatures as low as −16 °C (3 °F), but has succumbed to prolonged waterlogging on clay soils overwinter.^[8]

Etymology

The species is named for K. Uyematsu, who collected the plant in 1913.^[4]

Accessions

North America

United States National Arboretum, Washington, D.C., US. Two small trees imported 2011. No accession details available.

Europe

Grange Farm Arboretum [3], Lincolnshire, UK. Acc. no. 839.
Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante, Florence, Italy. 2 small (1 m) plants, (2011).
Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, UK. Acc. no. 20112233.^[9]
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK. Acc. no. not known.
Sir Harold Hillier Gardens, Romsey, Hampshire UK. Acc. no. 2011.0267.^[10]
Wijdemeren Elm Arboretum, Frans Halslaan, Loosdrecht, Netherlands.

Nurseries

Europe

A Touch of Green [4], Amstelveen, Netherlands.
Arboretum Waasland [5], Belgium.
Henny Kolster [6] via retail nursery Mark & Rein Bulk [7], Boskoop, Netherlands.
Pan-Global Plants [8], Frampton-on-Severn, Gloucestershire, UK.

Asia

Tenway Garden Center [9], Tienwei, Chonghua County, Taiwan.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Fu, L., Xin, Y. & Whittemore, A. (2002). Ulmaceae, in Wu, Z. & Raven, P. (eds) Flora of China, Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, USA. ISBN 1930723407 [1]
^ Hyun, S. K. (1969). White pines of Asia: Pinus koraiensis and Pinus armandii. Biology of rust resistance in forest trees. Proceedings of a NATO-IUFRO Advanced Study Institute, Aug. 17–24, 1969. University of Idaho, USA. Misc. publication 1221, p. 141. USDA, Feb. 1972.
^ "Plant Name Details for Ulmus uyematsui". IPNI. Retrieved October 20, 2009.
^ ^a ^b ^c Hayata, B. (1913). Icones Plantarum Formosanarum, Vol. 3. p. 174 (1913).
^ ^a ^b "Leaves labelled Ulmus uyematsui in asianflora".
^ "Herbarium specimen - L.4305450". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Sheet labelled U. uyematsui, immature fruit specimen; Taiwan Forestry Research Herbarium Institute (2012)
^ Li, S, Li, S-x, Liu, J, Wu, Y. (2009). Selection of vegetation species for Wujiazi iron mine ecological recovery. Journal of Hebei University of Engineering (Natural Science Edition), 2009-03. University of Hebei, China.
^ Brookes, A. H. (2013). Great Fontley Elm Trial, 2013 Report. Butterfly Conservation, Hants & IoW Branch, England.
^ Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 'Catalogue of the Living Collections': Ulmus uyematsui, specimen 20112233
^ Sir Harold Hillier Gardens. (2017). List of Living Accessions: Ulmus

External links

efloras.org: U. uyematsui description
efloras.org: U. uyematsui leaves and fruit illustration (figures 1 and 2)
Photographs labelled U. uyematsui on Plant Photo Bank of China, ppbc.iplant

Elm species, varieties, hybrids, hybrid cultivars and species cultivars

Species, varieties and subspecies

U. alata (Winged elm)
U. americana (American elm)
U. americana var. floridana (Florida elm)
U. bergmanniana (Bergmann's elm)
U. bergmanniana var. bergmanniana
U. bergmanniana var. lasiophylla
U. castaneifolia (Chestnut-leafed or multinerved elm)
U. changii (Hangzhou elm)
U. changii var. changii
U. changii var. kunmingensis (Kunming elm)
U. chenmoui (Chenmou or Langya Mountain elm)
U. chumlia
U. crassifolia (Cedar or Texas cedar elm)
U. davidiana (David or Father David elm)
U. davidiana var. davidiana
U. davidiana var. japonica (Japanese elm)
U. elongata (Long raceme elm)
U. gaussenii (Anhui or hairy elm)
U. glabra (Wych or scots elm)
U. glaucescens (Gansu elm)
U. glaucescens var. glaucescens
U. glaucescens var. lasiocarpa (hairy-fruited glaucescent elm)
U. harbinensis (Harbin elm)
U. ismaelis
U. laciniata (Manchurian cut-leaf or lobed elm)
U. laciniata var. nikkoensis (Nikko elm)
U. laevis (European white elm)
U. laevis var. celtidea
U. laevis var. parvifolia
U. laevis var. simplicidens
U. lamellosa (Hebei elm)
U. lanceifolia (Vietnam elm)
U. macrocarpa (Large-fruited elm)
U. macrocarpa var. glabra
U. macrocarpa var. macrocarpa
U. mexicana (Mexican elm)
U. microcarpa (Tibetan elm)
U. minor (Field elm)
U. minor subsp. minor
U. minor var. italica
U. parvifolia (Chinese or lacebark elm)
U. parvifolia var. coreana (Korean elm)
U. prunifolia (Cherry-leafed elm)
U. pseudopropinqua (Harbin spring elm)
U. pumila (Siberian elm)
U. rubra (Slippery elm)
U. serotina (September elm)
U. szechuanica (Szechuan (Sichuan) or red-fruited elm)
U. thomasii (Rock or cork elm)
U. uyematsui (Alishan elm)
U. villosa (Cherry-bark or marn elm)
U. wallichiana (Himalayan or kashmir elm)
U. wallichiana subsp. wallichiana
U. wallichiana subsp. xanthoderma
U. wallichiana var. tomentosa

Disputed species, varieties and subspecies

U. boissieri
U. minor subsp. canescens (Grey, grey-leafed or hoary elm)
U. elliptica

Hybrids

U. davidiana var. japonica × U. minor
U. × arbuscula
U. × arkansana
U. × brandisiana
U. × diversifolia
U. × hollandica (Dutch elm)
U. × hollandica var. insularum
U. × intermedia
U. × mesocarpa

Species cultivars

American elm	American Liberty Ascendens Augustine Aurea Beaverlodge Beebe's Weeping Brandon Burgoyne JFS Prince II College Columnaris Creole Queen Deadfree Delaware Exhibition Fiorei Flick's Spreader Folia Aurea Variegata Great Plains Hines Incisa Independence Iowa State Jackson Jefferson Kimley Klehmii L'Assomption Lake City Lewis & Clark Littleford Maine Markham Miller Park Minneapolis Park Moline Morden New Harmony Nigricans Patmore Pendula Penn Treaty Princeton Pyramidata Queen City Sheyenne Skinner Upright St. Croix Star Valley Forge Variegata Vase Washington
Cedar elm	Brazos Rim
Chinese elm	A-1 A. Ross Central Park Blizzard BSNUPF Burgundy Burnley Select Catlin Chessins Churchyard Cork Bark D. B. Cole Drake Dynasty Ed Wood Elsmo Emer I Emer II Emerald Prairie Frosty Garden City Clone Geisha Glory Golden Rey Hallelujah Hokkaido Jade Empress King's Choice Littleleaf Lois Hole Matthew Milliken Nire-keyaki Ohio Orange Ribbon Pathfinder Pendens Prairie Shade Prince Richard Red Fall Sabamiki Sagei Seiju Select 380 Sempervirens Small Frye State Fair Stone's Dwarf Taiwan The Thinker Todd True Green UPMTF Ware's Yarralumla Yatsubusa Zettler Ulmus parvifolia f. lanceolata
European white elm	Aureovariegata Colorans Helena Ornata Pendula Punctata Urticifolia
Field elm	Ademuz Albo-Dentata Amplifolia Argenteo-Variegata Atinia Atinia Pyramidalis Atinia Variegata Bea Schwarz Biltii Christine Buisman Concavaefolia Coritana Cretensis Cucullata Cucullata Variegata Dehesa de Amaniel Dehesa de la Villa Dicksonii Dijkwel Erecta Folia Alba-Punctata Glandulosa Goodyeri Hoersholmiensis Holmstruph Hunnybunii Hunnybunii pseudo-Stricta Laciniata Lanuginosa Majadahonda Microphylla Pendula Microphylla Purpurea Microphylla Rubra Monumentalis Pendula Picturata Plotii Propendens Punctata Purpurascens Purpurea Retiro Reverti Rugosa Rueppellii Sarniensis Schuurhoek Silvery Gem Sowerbyi Stricta Suberosa Umbraculifera Gracilis Umbraculifera Viminalis Viminalis Aurea Viminalis Betulaefolia Viminalis Gracilis Viminalis Incisa Viminalis Marginata Viminalis Pendula Viminalis Pulverulenta Viminalis Stricta Virgata Webbiana
Japanese elm	Discovery Freedom Jacan JFS-Bieberich Mitsui Centennial Prospector Reperta Reseda Thomson Validation
Siberian elm	Ansaloni Aurea Aurescens Chinkota Dropmore Dwarf Weeper Green King Hansen Harbin Manchu Mauro Mr. Buzz Park Royal Pendula Pinnato-ramosa Poort Bulten Puszta Pyramidalis Fiorei Zhonghua Jinye
Winged elm	Lace Parasol
Wych elm	Albo-Variegata Australis Camperdownii Cebennensis Concavaefolia Cornuta Corylifolia Purpurea Corylifolia Fastigiata Macrophylla Fastigiata Stricta Fastigiata Variegata Firma Flava Gigantea Gittisham Grandidentata Holgeri Horizontalis Insularis Latifolia Latifolia Aurea Latifolia Aureo-Variegata Latifolia Nigricans Luteo Variegata Lutescens Macrophylla Maculata Minor Nana Nigra Nitida Oblongata Pendula Macrophylla Pendula Variegata Pyrenaica Spectabilis Superba Tomentosa

Hybrid cultivars

Androssowii Amsterdam Arno Cathedral Clusius Columella Den Haag Dodoens Escaillard Fiorente Frontier Fuente Umbria Homestead Karagatch Lobel Morfeo Morton Morton Glossy Morton Plainsman Morton Red Tip Morton Stalwart Nanguen New Horizon Patriot Plantyn Plinio Rebella Rebona Recerta Regal Repura Revera San Zanobi Sapporo Autumn Gold Sapporo Gold 2 Stavast Toledo Urban Wanoux Wingham
Dutch elm	Alba Angustifolia Balder Belgica Blandford Canadian Giant Cicestria Cinerea Commelin Dampieri Dauvessei Daveyi Dovaei Dumont Elegantissima Eleganto-Variegata Etrusca Fastigiata Fjerrestad Folia Rhomboidea Freja Fulva Gaujardii Groeneveld Haarlemensis Klemmer Loke Macrophylla Aurea Major Microphylla Modiolina Muscaviensis Odin Pioneer Pitteurs Serpentina Smithii Superba Tricolor Tyr Vegeta Viminalis Viscosa Wentworthii Pendula Wredei Ypreau
U. × intermedia	Coolshade Fremont Improved Coolshade Lincoln Rosehill Willis

Unconfirmed derivation cultivars

Fossil elms

U. okanaganensis

Taxon identifiers
Ulmus uyematsui	Wikidata: Q7879641 Wikispecies: Ulmus uyematsui CoL: 7DFP3 FNA: 242353395 FoC: 242353395 GBIF: 5680261 iNaturalist: 820872 IPNI: 837180-1 NCBI: 2713450 Observation.org: 514341 Open Tree of Life: 6110917 Plant List: kew-2448774 POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:837180-1 Tropicos: 50002940 WFO: wfo-0000416776