Li Siguang
Li Siguang | |
---|---|
Born | 26 October 1889 Huanggang, Hubei, Qing China |
Died | 29 April 1971 (aged 81) Beijing, China |
Nationality | Chinese |
Alma mater | Osaka Technical College University of Birmingham |
Scientific career | |
Institutions | Peking University |
Li Siguang (Chinese: 李四光; pinyin: Lǐ Sìguāng; Wade–Giles: Li Ssu-kuang; 26 October 1889 – 29 April 1971), also known as J. S. Lee, was a Chinese geologist and politician. He was the founder of China's geomechanics. He was an ethnic Mongol.[1][2] He made outstanding contributions, which changed the situation of "oil deficiency" in the country, enabling the large-scale development of oil fields to raise the country to the ranks of the world's major oil producers.
Biography
Li was born as Li Zhongkui (李仲揆) in Huanggang, Hubei Province. His paternal line had descended from a Mongolian official in Yuan Dynasty. His family originally bore the Mongol surname "Kuli" (库里) or "Ku" (库). After the fall of the Yuan Dynasty, he consealed his identity and settled in Hubei. [3]
Li Zhongkui changed his name when he was applying for school at 14 by modifying the characters of his age (十四), and kept his original name as a courtesy name.[4] He was often known in English as J. S. Lee (J for Zhongkui/Jung-kuei, S for Siguang).[5]
Li studied in Osaka Technical College in Japan and the University of Birmingham in UK in his early years. He became a geological professor at Peking University upon his return from abroad in 1920. Li Siguang was Wuhan University building preparatory chairman from July 1928 to April 1938. He was the president of the National Central University (Nanjing University) in 1932.
After the People's Republic of China was established, Li held the positions of vice president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and minister of geology.[6]
After the end of the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976), Xu Chi published Li's biography entitled The Light of Geology (地质之光), which was widely read and made Li a household name in China.[7]
Family
Li Siguang's daughter Li Lin was a physicist and academician of the CAS. She married Chen-Lu Tsou (Zou Chenglu), a distinguished biochemist and academician, while they were both attending the University of Cambridge in England. Li's family is thus the only one in China that has produced three academicians.[8] Li Lin's daughter, Zou Zongping (邹宗平), followed her grandfather's footsteps and became a geologist.[9]
References
- ^ "民族博物馆_中国科普博览". Kepu.net.cn. Retrieved 30 November 2017.
- ^ "李林档案资料_著名物理学家李林纪念馆". Eeloves.com. Retrieved 30 November 2017.
- ^ Ba, Yi'er. "父女院士:李四光和李林的故事". Eastday. Archived from the original on 2004-01-23. Retrieved 2018-06-29.
- ^ "李四光". Archived from the original on 2020-11-08. Retrieved 2008-10-21.
- ^ Cao Lan 曹岚 (2018-04-11). "地质学家之外的李四光". CPPCC. Retrieved 2018-06-30.
- ^ Hou, Li (2021). Building for oil: Daqing and the Formation of the Chinese Socialist State. Harvard-Yenching Institute monograph series. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Asia Center. p. 17. ISBN 978-0-674-26022-1.
- ^ Zhang Shouren 张守仁 (December 2016). "揭开诗人徐迟跳楼之谜" (in Chinese). Chinese University of Hong Kong. Retrieved 2019-10-04.
- ^ "邹承鲁:忆恩师·回国". People's Daily. 2006-11-24. Archived from the original on 2013-04-29. Retrieved 2018-06-28.
- ^ Jin, Yu (2007-04-09). "李四光·李林·邹承鲁共组"院士之家"". Tianxia Weekly. Retrieved 2018-06-28.
- v
- t
- e
(1949–1954)
(1954–1959)
- Soong Ching-ling
- Dong Biwu
- Li Jishen
- Zhang Lan
- Guo Moruo
- Peng Zhen
- Shen Junru
- Huang Yanpei
- He Xiangning
- Li Weihan
- Li Siguang
- Chen Shutong
Zhang Bojun(removed 1956)- Tan Kah Kee
- Choekyi Gyaltsen, Panchen Erdeni
- Burhan Shahidi (added 1958)
(1959–1965)
- Peng Zhen
- Li Jishen
- Guo Moruo
- Shen Junru
- Huang Yanpei
Li Weihan(removed 1964)- Li Siguang
- Chen Shutong
- Tan Kah Kee
- Burhan Shahidi
- Chen Yi
- Kang Sheng
- Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai
- Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme
- He Xiangning (added 1960)
(1965–1978)
(1978–1983)
- Ulanhu
- Wei Guoqing
- Peng Chong
- Zhao Ziyang
- Guo Moruo
- Song Renqiong
- Mao Dun
- Xu Deheng
- Ouyang Qin
- Shi Liang
- Zhu Yunshan
- Kang Keqing
- Ji Fang
- Wang Shoudao
- Yang Jingren
- Zhang Chong
- Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai
- Zhou Jianren
- Zhuang Xiquan
- Hu Zi'ang
- Rong Yiren
- Tong Dizhou
- Liu Lantao (added; secretary-general)
- Lu Dingyi (added)
- Li Weihan (added)
- Hu Yuzhi (added)
- Wang Kunlun (added)
- Choekyi Gyaltsen, Panchen Erdeni (added)
- He Changgong (added)
- Xiao Ke (added)
- Cheng Zihua (added)
- Yang Xiufeng (added)
- Sha Qianli (added)
- Burhan Shahidi (added)
- Zhou Peiyuan (added)
- Qian Changzhao (added)
- Liu Fei (added)
- Dong Qiwu (added)
(1983–1988)
- Yang Jingren
- Liu Lantao
- Lu Dingyi
- Cheng Zihua
- Kang Keqing
- Ji Fang
- Zhuang Xiquan
- Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai
- Hu Zi'ang
- Wang Kunlun
- Qian Changzhao
- Dong Qiwu
- Tao Zhiyue
- Zhou Shutao
- Yang Chengwu
- Xiao Hua
- Chen Zaidao
- Lü Zhengcao
- Zhou Jianren
- Zhou Peiyuan
- Burhan Shahidi
- Miao Yuntai
- Wang Guangying
- Deng Zhaoxiang
- Fei Xiaotong
- Zhao Puchu
- Ye Shengtao
- Qu Wu
- Ba Jin
- Ma Wenrui (added)
- Mao Yisheng (added)
- Liu Jingji (added)
- Hua Luogeng (added)
- Wang Enmao (added)
- Qian Xuesen (added)
- Lei Jieqiong (added)
- Wang Feng (added)
- Qian Weichang (added)
(1988–1993)
- Wang Renzhong
- Yan Mingfu
- Fang Yi
- Gu Mu
- Yang Jingren
- Kang Keqing
- Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai
- Hu Zi'ang
- Qian Changzhao
- Zhou Peiyuan
- Miao Yuntai
- Wang Guangying
- Deng Zhaoxiang
- Zhao Puchu
- Qu Wu
- Ba Jin
- Ma Wenrui
- Liu Jingji
- Wang Enmao
- Qian Xuesen
- Qian Weichang
- Hu Sheng
- Sun Xiaocun
- Cheng Siyuan
- Lu Jiaxi
- Qian Zhengying
- Su Buqing
- Ismail Amat
- Hou Jingru (added)
- K. H. Ting (added)
- Hong Xuezhi (added)
- Ye Xuanping (added)
(1993–1998)
- Ye Xuanping
- Wu Xueqian
- Yang Rudai
- Wang Zhaoguo
- Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme
- Saifuddin Azizi
- Hong Xuezhi
- Yang Jingren
- Zhou Peiyuan
- Deng Zhaoxiang
- Zhao Puchu
- Ba Jin
- Liu Jingji
- Qian Xuesen
- Qian Weichang
- Hu Sheng
- Qian Zhengying
- Su Buqing
- Hou Jingru
- K. H. Ting
- Dong Yinchu
- Sun Fuling
- Ann Tse-kai
- Henry Fok
- Ma Man-kei
- Zhu Guangya (added)
- Wan Guoquan (added)
- He Luli (added)
(1998–2003)
- Ye Xuanping
- Yang Rudai
- Wang Zhaoguo
- Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme
- Zhao Puchu
- Ba Jin
- Qian Weichang
- Lu Jiaxi
- Ren Jianxin
- Song Jian
- Li Guixian
- Chen Junsheng
- Zhang Siqing
- Qian Zhengying
- K. H. Ting
- Sun Fuling
- Ann Tse-kai
- Henry Fok
- Ma Man-kei
- Zhu Guangya
- Wan Guoquan
- Hu Qili
- Chen Jinhua
- Zhao Nanqi
- Mao Zhiyong
- Bai Lichen
- Jing Shuping
- Luo Haocai
- Zhang Kehui
- Zhou Tienong
- Wang Wenyuan
(2003–2008)
- Wang Zhongyu
- Liao Hui
- Liu Yandong
- Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme
- Ba Jin
- Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai
- Li Guixian
- Zhang Siqing
- K. H. Ting
- Henry Fok
- Ma Man-kei
- Bai Lichen
- Luo Haocai
- Zhang Kehui
- Zhou Tienong
- Hao Jianxiu
- Chen Kuiyuan
- Ablet Abdureshit
- Xu Kuangdi
- Li Zhaozhuo
- Huang Mengfu
- Wang Xuan
- Zhang Huaixi
- Li Meng
- Tung Chee-hwa (added 2005)
- Zhang Meiying (added 2005)
- Zhang Rongming (added 2005)
(2008–2013)
- Wang Gang
- Liao Hui
- Du Qinglin
- Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme
- Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai
- Ma Man-kei
- Bai Lichen
- Chen Kuiyuan
- Ablet Abdureshit
- Li Zhaozhuo
- Huang Mengfu
- Tung Chee-hwa
- Zhang Meiying
- Zhang Rongming
- Qian Yunlu (secretary-general)
- Sun Jiazheng
- Li Jinhua
- Zheng Wantong
- Deng Pufang
- Wan Gang
- Lin Wenyi
- Li Wuwei
- Luo Fuhe
- Chen Zongxing
- Wang Zhizhen
- Edmund Ho (added 2010)
(2013–2018)
- Du Qinglin
Ling Jihua(removed 2015)- Han Qide
- Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai
- Tung Chee-hwa
- Wan Gang
- Lin Wenyi
- Luo Fuhe
- Edmund Ho
- Zhang Qingli (secretary-general)
- Li Haifeng
Su Rong(removed 2014)- Chen Yuan
- Lu Zhangong
- Zhou Xiaochuan
- Wang Jiarui
- Wang Zhengwei
- Ma Biao
- Qi Xuchun
- Chen Xiaoguang
- Ma Peihua
- Liu Xiaofeng
- Wang Qinmin
- Leung Chun-ying (added 2017)
(2018–2023)
- Zhang Qingli
- Liu Qibao
- Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai
- Tung Chee-hwa
- Wan Gang
- Edmund Ho
- Lu Zhangong
- Wang Zhengwei
- Ma Biao
- Chen Xiaoguang
- Leung Chun-ying
- Xia Baolong (secretary-general)
- Yang Chuantang
- Li Bin (secretary-general)
- Bagatur
- Wang Yongqing
- He Lifeng
- Su Hui
- Zheng Jianbang
- Gu Shengzu
- Liu Xincheng
- He Wei
- Shao Hong
- Gao Yunlong
(2023–present)
- Shi Taifeng
- Hu Chunhua
- Shen Yueyue
- Wang Yong
- Zhou Qiang
- Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai
- Edmund Ho
- Leung Chun-ying
- Bagatur
- Su Hui
- Shao Hong
- Gao Yunlong
- Chen Wu
- Mu Hong
- Xian Hui
- Wang Dongfeng (secretary-general)
- Jiang Xinzhi
- Jiang Zuojun
- He Baoxiang
- Wang Guangqian
- Qin Boyong
- Zhu Yongxin
- Yang Zhen