Leipzig Debate
The Leipzig Debate (German: Leipziger Disputation) was a theological disputation originally between Andreas Karlstadt, Martin Luther and Johann Eck. Karlstadt, the dean of the Wittenberg theological faculty, felt that he had to defend Luther against Eck's critical commentary on the 95 Theses and so challenged Johann Eck, a professor of theology at the University of Ingolstadt, to a public debate concerning the doctrines of free will and grace. The Leipzig Debate took place in June and July 1519 at Pleissenburg Castle in Leipzig, Germany. Its purpose was to discuss Martin Luther's teachings and was initiated and conducted in the presence of George, Duke of Saxony, an opponent of Luther. Eck, considered the master debater in the Holy Roman Empire, was concerned about clerical abuses, but his life's work had been dedicated to the defence of Catholic teachings and combating heresy.[1]
Eck invited Luther to join the debate, and when Luther arrived in July, he and Eck expanded the terms of the debate to include matters such as the existence of purgatory, the sale of indulgences, the need for and methods of penance and the legitimacy of papal authority.[2]
Also, Luther's position (also supported by Erasmus) on burning heretics was later summarized as one of the positions (or errors) specifically censured in Exsurge Domine "Haereticos comburi est contra voluntatem Spiritus" (It is contrary to the Spirit to burn heretics).[3][4]
The debate led Pope Leo X to censor Luther and threaten him with excommunication from the Catholic Church in his June 1520 papal bull, Exsurge Domine, which banned Luther's views from being preached or written.
Participants
- Representatives from Wittenberg
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- Representative from Ingolstadt
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Miscellaneous
In Leipzig, the facade of the new building Burgplatz-Passage, covered with Cotta Sandstone, contains six life-size figures with reference to the Leipzig Debate, which took place in the Pleissenburg castle opposite.[5]
See also
References
- ^ Stanton, Philip (2014). AQA History AS Unit 1 Reformation in Europe, C1500-1564. Oxford University Press. p. 48. ISBN 978-0-7487-8266-6.
- ^ Kolb, Robert (2009). Martin Luther. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 24. ISBN 978-0199208944.
- ^ Fredericq, Paul (1900). Corpus Documentorum Inquisitionis Haereticae Pravitatis Neerlandicae: Verzameling Van Stukken Pauselijke en Bisschoppelijke Inquisitie in de Nederlanden (in Dutch). Vuylsteke.
- ^ Bainton, Roland H. (1950). Here I Stand: A Life of Martin Luther. Abingdon-Cokesbury Press., pp. 145–147.
- ^ Jackie Richard (19 May 2019). "Das Rätsel um die sechs Fassaden-Figuren vom Burgplatz" [Mystery of the six facade figures unravelled]. Bild (in German). Retrieved 23 July 2019.
- v
- t
- e
- Ninety-five Theses (1517)
- Sermon on Indulgences and Grace (1518)
- To the Christian Nobility of the German Nation (1520)
- On the Babylonian Captivity of the Church (1520)
- On the Freedom of a Christian (1520)
- Against Henry, King of the English (1522)
- Luther Bible (1522, 1534)
- The Adoration of the Sacrament (1523)
- Formula missae (1523)
- Against the Murderous, Thieving Hordes of Peasants (1525)
- On the Bondage of the Will (1525)
- The Sacrament of the Body and Blood of Christ—Against the Fanatics (1526)
- Deutsche Messe (1526)
- Confession Concerning Christ's Supper (1528)
- On War Against the Turk (1529)
- Small Catechism (1529)
- Articles of Schwabach (1529)
- Large Catechism (1529)
- Smalcald Articles (1537)
- On the Councils and the Church (1539)
- On the Jews and Their Lies (1543)
- Vom Schem Hamphoras (1543)
- Luther's Table Talk (1566)
- Weimar edition of Luther's works
List of hymns |
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and events
- Reformation
- Lutheranism
- Heidelberg Disputation, 1518
- Leipzig Debate, 1519
- Exsurge Domine, 1520
- Diet of Worms, 1521
- Decet Romanum Pontificem, 1521
- Marburg Colloquy, 1529
- Augsburg Confession, 1530
- Luther's canon
- Theology of Martin Luther
- Eucharist in Lutheranism
- Antisemitism
- Propaganda during the Reformation
- Die Lügend von S. Johanne Chrysostomo (1537 edition)
- Hans and Margarethe Luther (parents)
- Katharina von Bora (wife)
- Magdalena Luther (daughter)
- Paul Luther (son)
- Albert of Brandenburg
- Bartholomaeus Arnoldi
- Erasmus
- Georg Rörer
- Johann Cochlaeus
- Johann Reuchlin
- Johann von Staupitz
- Justus Jonas
- Karl von Miltitz
- Andreas Karlstadt
- Philip Melanchthon
- Pope Leo X
- Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
- Frederick the Wise
- Albrecht VII. von Mansfeld
- All Saints' Church, Wittenberg
- Stadtkirche Wittenberg
- Lutherhaus
- Lutherstädte
- Martin Luther's Birth House
- Martin Luther's Death House
- Melanchthonhaus (Wittenberg)
- St. Augustine's Monastery
- Veste Coburg (Fortress)
- Wartburg Castle
- Martin Luther (1923 film)
- Luther (1928 film)
- Martin Luther (1953 film)
- Luther (1961 play)
- Luther (1964 film)
- Luther (1974 film)
- Martin Luther, Heretic (1983 film)
- Luther (2003 film)
- Luther and I (2017 film)
- Luther Monument, Washington D.C.
- Luther Monument, Worms