Hopewell pottery
Hopewell pottery is the ceramic tradition of the various local cultures involved in the Hopewell tradition (ca. 200 BCE to 400 CE)[1] and are found as artifacts in archeological sites in the American Midwest and Southeast. The Hopewell were located around the Mississippi and Illinois Rivers during the Middle Woodland Period, and the Hopewell Interaction Sphere spanned from the Gulf of Mexico to Ontario, Canada.[2]
Uses
This pottery was used in a variety of ways: from storage and cooking to holding offerings during burial ceremonies. Ceremonial pottery was noticeably more delicate and elaborate than pottery for domestic use.[3]
Techniques
Although there are many techniques and methods of pottery production, the method most likely used in the Hopewell culture was the coiled method. After making the initial form of the vessel a paddle and anvil would then be used to further shape and smooth the pot. The final two steps are decoration and firing.
Before firing, Hopewell pottery was often incised, stamped, or zone-stamped, in which different "zones" of the pot were delineating by incised, then stamped, leaving the surrounding areas smooth for contrast.[4] "Hopewell ware" is characterized by crosshatching, bands with cambered rims, and highly stylized bird motifs.[3]
See also
- Ceramics of indigenous peoples of the Americas
- Fort Ancient culture pottery
- Mississippian culture pottery
- Plaquemine culture pottery
- Visual arts by indigenous peoples of the Americas
Notes
References
- Berlo, Janet C. and Ruth B. Phillips. Native North American Art. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998. ISBN 978-0-19-284218-3.
- Seeman, Mark F. "Hopewell Art in Hopewell Places." Richard F. Townsend and Robert V. Sharp, eds. Hero, Hawk, and Open Hand. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2004. ISBN 0-300-10601-7.
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- Woodland period
- List of Hopewell sites
- Mound Builders
- List of archaeological periods (North America)
- Beam Farm
- Benham Mound
- Cary Village Site
- Cedar-Bank Works
- Dunns Pond Mound
- Ellis Mounds
- Ety Enclosure
- Ety Habitation Site
- Everett Knoll Complex
- Fort Ancient
- Fortified Hill Works
- Great Hopewell Road
- High Banks Works
- Hopeton Earthworks
- Hopewell Culture National Historical Park
- Indian Mound Cemetery
- Keiter Mound
- Marietta Earthworks
- Moorehead Circle
- Mound of Pipes
- Nettle Lake Mound Group
- Newark Earthworks
- Oak Mounds
- Orators
- Perin Village Site
- Pollock Works
- Portsmouth Earthworks
- Rocky Fork Enclosures
- Rocky Fork Mounds
- Seip Earthworks and Dill Mounds District
- Shawnee Lookout
- Shriver Circle Earthworks
- Stubbs Earthworks
- Tremper Mound and Works
- Williamson Mound Archeological District
- Goodall site
- Norton Mound group
- Lewiston Mound
- Serpent Mounds Park
- LeVescounte Mounds
Santa Rosa-Swift Creek culture
- Crystal River Archaeological State Park
- Etowah Indian Mounds
- Leake Mounds
- Kolomoki Mounds
- Miner's Creek site
- Pierce Site
- Swift Creek mound site
- Third Gulf Breeze
- Yearwood site
- Yent Mound
- Armstrong culture
- Copena culture
- Fourche Maline culture
- Laurel complex
- Saugeen complex
- Old Stone Fort (Tennessee)
- Related topics
- Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley
- Black drink
- burial mound
- Ceremonial pipe
- Effigy mound
- Hopewell pottery
- Horned Serpent
- Eastern Agricultural Complex
- Underwater panther